A construção do conhecimento sobre a água por meio de uma sequência didática que emprega a estratégia de experimentação

Abstract

Water is an indispensable natural resource for survival. Its preservation is linked to human daily activities. Making the students aware about the necessity of its preservation through conscious use is an alternative to guarantee drinking water for the future generations. In this context, this research had as objective to elaborate, implement and analyze a didactic sequence on the theme "Water", contemplating different strategies in the teaching of Sciences for the sixth year of Elementary School, establishing a continuous evaluation process that would break the relations of power built in the everyday classroom and make teachers and students partners in evaluation and learning. There were used several didactic strategies to develop the activities, such as experiments, questioning, observation, group works, videos, synthesis construction, among others, in an attempt to meet the individualities of each student. The didactic sequence was constructed during 2015 with an "ideal class", but it needed adjustments to work with the test group in 2016, since the latter was quite heterogeneous and more difficult to work than the first. As a result, it was observed that the students showed great interest in participating in the proposed activities, both in the pilot group and in the test group. In addition, in both, it was verified that there was construction of knowledge. As a result, it was observed that the students showed great interest in participating in the proposed activities, both in the pilot group and in the test group. In addition, in both, it was verified that there was construction of knowledge. It was concluded that in proposing different strategies for the construction of knowledge on the subject, it was possible for the students to have a global view of the fundamental concepts on water, favoring the relations between scientific and everyday knowledge, as well as allowing a re-signification of values aiming at conscious consumption and the preservation of this natural resource essential for life. The final product of this study is a didactic guide of Sciences for the Elementary School, which describes procedures for a differentiated approach of the contents related to the theme water.