Análise dos fatores determinantes para a ocorrência de ociosidade das redes de esgoto sanitário no município de Caxias do Sul - RS

Abstract

In the current model of investment in sanitary sewage, the highest say respect to works in sewage treatment plants and in the implantation of networks, which will often not receive the connection of users. In Brazil, the percentage of users connected to the sewage collection system is low, since the land connection, at the user's responsibility, not performed. In this way, less sewage reaches the stations and a smaller quantity is treated. The municipality of Caxias do Sul is following this observation, because despite large investments in sewage systems, it has only 37.05% as an indicator of treated sewage (SNIS, 2015). The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of the occurrence of idleness of sanitary sewage networks in this Municipality. For that, an exploratory and quantitative research it was made, through the application of questionnaires to two publics: together with the employees of the sanitation company and with the residents of the neighborhood selected as sampling. Documentary research and direct observation with the company and its sewage connection system were also carried out. As a result it was verified that the idleness of the networks is an unknown problem of the residents and collaborators. The lack of information about the sewage system, not wanting to damage the floor, the value of the connection were reasons pointed out by the residents, the employees added, lack of stimulation, lack of penalties, downside, and the claim to be very laborious make the call. The legislation is unknown by the residents, there is no control of the sanitation company on unconnected connections, which charges tiered tariff for network availability and treatment. Obstacles that can be solved by the Municipality through structuring measures: management, regulation, environmental education programs, and adequacy of procedures, as raised in the research and listed as recommendations. The study confirmed the need for the valuation of sewage services in the universalization of sanitation.