Instrumentos jurisdicionais internacionais frente aos danos ambientais transfronteiriços : os limites da soberania estatal

Abstract

The scientific and tecnological advances, coupled with what is usually called development - be it economic, social, industrial ou urban -, contribute to environmental devastation and the environmental damage that do not respect terriatorial borders are witnessed frequently, such as spill oil at sea, air pollution, contamination of rivers that bathe more than one country, among others. Therefore, the global community began to show concern for environmental preservation, so that there are numerous international treaties in favor of the environment, however, does not prevent environmental devastation, nor can be the basis for any determination of compensation for loss by any state, against the principle of sovereignty. As an ecologicaly balanced environment is right for everyone, including a right already recognized by doctrine and jurisprudence country as a fundamental right of a third dimension, it turns out, the analysis of specific cases, the State, being sovereign even though you may be liable in the case of crossborder environmental damage and when the breach of international covenant, which clashes with the principle of sovereignty, showing that state sovereignty limit. In the case of environmental damage caused within the territorial limits of the States, but spread to other teritories, public international law, through the competent authorities and based on rules of Internation Environmental Law, has been providing its judicial review, albeit in timid, so that overrides the need for effective environmental protection to the diverse interests.