Modelagem no ensino de ciências: uma análise no estudo de ligações iônicas

Abstract

This work was developed in the research line "Fundamentals and Educational Strategies in Teaching Science and Mathematics" which aims to investigate, evaluate and implement educational strategies in the light of the fundamentals of education. In this context, the objective of this work is to promote active and meaningful learning, articulating modeling and technology in a collaborative environment, around the theme "Ionic Connections". For that, a proposal was made for the teaching of ionic bonds, based on the "modeling model", proposed by Justi and Gilbert (2000), and was developed in a high school class of a private school in the municipality of Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The research problem came to the following question: How can the use of modeling activities contribute to students of the 1st grade of the Secondary Education to learn, in an active and lasting way, conceptual aspects to the theme "Ionic Connections". In the academic year 2015, a pilot project was applied with a class of 9th year of Elementary School II, in the discipline of Sciences - Chemistry, since this year the initial concepts to explain the formation of the chemical bond are presented. The following year, the present project was applied to a first-grade high school class from the same school and made up of the same students from the previous year, now promoted to the next series. This research presents how students constructed a qualitative view of ionic bonds, when inserted in an interactive learning environment that allowed them, through a computer program, to represent their mental models, making them concrete, establishing relationships between previous knowledge with the new evidence. In addition, students were able to validate, through mental experiments, and tailor their models to different situations. The results of this research suggest a recommendation for other issues in the Chemistry area to be worked in a similar way, promoting the fusion of modeling and technology in the teaching of Chemistry.