Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em atividades acadêmicas: propostas de adequações em ambientes construídos de uma instituição de ensino superior

Abstract

The waste generation in teaching, research and academic extension activities of Higher Education Institutions (HEI), comprises a complex matrix that needs to be managed according to current legislation. Therefore, it is necessary to implement Waste Management Programs (WMP) in these institutions. For the implementation of these plans, a properly planned spaces are essential for the waste management, which in many situations were not foreseen in building architectural designs. This research aimed to propose the adequacy of spaces in experimental teaching practices environments of a Brazil South Region HEI, aiming a better use in waste management. Then, the research applied methods and techniques covered by the PostOccupancy Evaluation (POE), using documentary and exploratory research. As the study object, didactic technical laboratories of three different campus of the HEI were defined. It was possible to perform a diagnosis of the selected sectors from questionnaires applied to technicians and teachers user groups, direct observations of the activities developed, surveys and records of designated spaces for waste storage and institutional and relevant documents analysis. For the composition of a Diagnostic and Recommendations Framework (DRF), from each evaluated environment were listed found aspects (physical variables that influence the users behavior in waste management). It was determined the risk level, low, medium or high, for each aspect, considering criteria such as segregation, reuse, packaging, extraction, and waste storage. As results, proposals for adequacy in physical arrangement in laboratories were represented through Diagnostic and Recommendations Maps (DRM). It was found that the campus with the most recent buildings was that presented the lowest incidence of risks, and the campus with the oldest buildings, a higher incidence, requiring, consequently, greater interventions in the physical space. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]