Fatores determinantes da adoção e uso da internet das coisas e de objetos inteligentes conectados frente às percepções de universitários brasileiros

Abstract

The internet of things (IoT) is an emerging technology and is characterized as a new paradigm that aims to integrate several technologies and communication solutions with applications in many different domains, such as: intelligent environments (residential and commercial), industrial automation, healthcare , high precision agriculture, intelligent energy management (smart grids, energy conservation in buildings), transport and logistics, the automotive sector in general, smart cities and many other areas. Lately, there is a lot of talk about smart cities and, in general, this is understood as a city that, through the use of technology, provides traditional services and solves urban issues by facilitating mobility and improving social services in a sustainable way. It can be seen that the real meaning of ?smart city? is not a defining characteristic of a city, but a tool. That is why ?smart? must be associated with the city's ability to create well-being for its citizens and its basic characteristic is the value it attributes to the individual's participation. Cities use this tool to collect real-time data on traffic status, air and water quality, the solar radiation index, among many other things. Some of the best known applications of this tool are the installation of sensors on the streets that detect free parking spaces, traffic jams, how long it will take for the next bus to arrive, sensors that detect pedestrians to focus public lighting more effectively, among others. The literature, in general, focuses on the technical aspects of IoT and less attention is given to behavioral studies that clarify the users' perception about the adoption and use of IoT and smart objects. The bibliometric study of the present thesis showed a significant growth in studies related to the internet of things and connected intelligent objects. In the same measure, there was an increase in the number of applications and connected smart objects. Therefore, it is essential to understand the process of acceptance and use by consumers, since these marketing tools are relevant to future claims. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to identify the determining factors for the adoption of objects for smart cities with technology based on the internet of things in the perception of university students. The model was built based on the concepts of factors highlighted by Diener et al. (1985), Davis et al. (1989), Chau (1996), Sweeney and Soutar (2001), Arnold and Reynolds (2003), Faurie and Van de Leemput (2007), Hong and Thong (2013), Gao and Bai (2014), Munzel, Meyer- Waarden and Galan (2015) and Al-Momani, Mahmoud and Ahmad (2016). The research was of the exploratory quantitative type, the sample was of 205 respondents. The quantitative method was used, operationalized through a survey applied to 205 university students. For the analysis, structural equation modeling was used with the Smart PLS® v software. 3.3.2 (Ringle et al., 2015). Of the 19 hypotheses formulated, 10 were confirmed, according to the proposed theoretical model. It was found that, in the sample studied, there is a great propensity (57.1%) for the use of the internet of things and connected smart objects. The study presented in this thesis can contribute to the existing literature, by testing the theoretical assumptions about models of acceptance and use of technology by adding variables related to pleasure and well-being with the internet of things and connected intelligent objects. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]