Estudo sobre a aplicação da termografia como técnica de inspeção de manifestações patológicas em fachadas

Abstract

Pathological manifestations affect the performance of building components and can be caused by faults in the design, choice of materials, executive processes, use and natural aging. The façades have the function of protecting the building from deterioration agents, offering water tightness, absorbing deformations and guaranteeing thermo-acoustic insulation, yet its covering must have adhesion and the most common of these are mortar or ceramic. As they are an external component of buildings, they are more susceptible to the action of degradation agents and consequently to the appearance of pathological manifestations, such as, for example, detachments, cracks and stains. The inspection of the facades is usually hampered by logistical issues, such as the height and intervention of buildings under occupation and, in addition, the tests to prove defects are mostly destructive. In view of this, thermography shows itself as a form of potential intervention. Considering these aspects, the present work aims to use thermography as a non-destructive test to analyze pathological manifestations in facades of two buildings with different ages of construction. The acquisition of thermograms on north and south façades, with mortar lining and exposed bricks, was carried out in the morning and afternoon. Thermograms were analyzed qualitatively visually and quantitatively using the Delta-T contrast function. The main results obtained indicate that the largest Delta-T?s are captured in the morning, this being the most suitable shift to identify pathological manifestations under the prevailing climatic conditions during the tests. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]