Educação indígena Kaingang : mediações, histórias e memórias (Canela/RS)

Abstract

This research is linked to the History and Philosophy of Education research line of the Postgraduate Program in Education, Master's course at the University of Caxias do Sul. The investigation deals with the Kaingang group that lives in Canela/RS and the problem that mobilized the investigation was: how do lived and shared experiences allow us to preserve ancestral memories and stories? And how do they measure the knowledge constructed for cultural preservation? The research had the general objective: Analyze the process of preserving knowledge and cultures through mediations in the Kaingang group that lives in Canela/RS, thinking about the traditions, memories and stories of the group. To carry it out, in addition to bibliographical research, methodologically interviews were carried out based on Oral History, with Cacique Mauricio Ven Tain; Oseias da Silva (Jymi); Viviane Farias (Jakufej); Márcio Salvador (Kakupry), Josemari da Silva Corrêa; Marlene Salvador; Alexandre Tomas Pereira (Vén Kág) Juliana Lopes (Pejó) indigenous people of the Kaingang ethnic group from Kógunh Mág Village. The main authors behind the study are: Ferreira (2013, 2020), Claudino (2013), Markus (2006) and Halbwachs (2006). I begin by presenting a point in my history as an indigenous person of the Tariana ethnic group and the main lessons learned. Next, using bibliographical references, I situate the History of the Kaingang Indigenous Peoples in Rio Grande do Sul, discussing the history of struggle and conquest within the territory and sociocultural organization. Continuing, I seek to highlight the importance of education in the indigenous school context where knowledge and stories are transmitted orally in the community's mother tongue and that writing is used so that orality is recorded. And, furthermore, I present the experiences of a group of Kaingang indigenous people who recently lived in the Ibama National Forest in Canela, and through interviews, an analysis was made of the memories and traditions of this group, where they are interconnected with the cosmos, the understanding in understanding aspects of nature. It is important to realize that the Kaingang keep the ways of teaching children according to their own processes very vivid in their memories and this is being redefined as an important space to strengthen the construction and empowerment of the Kaingang people. The life of the Kaingang indigenous people works based on spirituality, which permeates cultural aspects in respect for identity: paintings in the making of handicrafts and the maintenance of traditions, history, language, and indigenous knowledge, praising ancestral knowledge. Therefore, the belief in the interdependence of these indigenous people and nature favors the preservation of nature, as it also guarantees the survival of their own culture and that of the Kaingang people. We emphasize the importance of cultural preservation through coexistence, of preserving rituals that, among the youngest and oldest, are maintained traditions orally. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]