Parâmetros de avaliações físicas e proposta de intervenção para a prevenção da lesão de LCA

Abstract

Introduction: ACL rupture is the most frequent ligament injury of the knee joint, where its mechanism of injury occurs through contact and non-contact. Objectives: To search for the best methods of intervention for prevention and reconditioning after ACL injury. Methods: This was a systematic review in which observational experimental studies were found in the database of Google Scholar, Scielo Brazil, Sci-Hub, Google Scholar and Pubmed that met the established criteria, where 37 studies were included for the analysis Last. From these studies the characteristics and results were extracted through a standardized form containing: author (s), year, sample, result and conclusion. Results: The physical evaluation parameters were: isokinetic dynamometry at 60º/s angulation in the concentric phase, the healthy limb needs to be above 3.40 N.m.kg and in the eccentric phase above 4.0 N.m.kg, already at 300º/s absolute value should be greater than 160 N.m and the torque peak of the extensors above 300 N.m and of 155 N,m for the flexors. In the Hop-Test, the required distance is over 198 cm. The sit-and-reach test at Wells Bank results should be on the margin between excellence and average before the Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness table. In the positional sense test the result should be below 1.21 degrees. And the range of motion in the inner and outer rotation of the hip must be between 80 ° and 90 °. Discussion: With the results of the evaluations, it was feasible to structure an ACL injury prevention training divided between warm-up, plyometry, strengthening, proprioception and flexibility. Conclusion: For prevention of ACL injury, the training program will assist in the projection of improvement in the awareness and control of hip, knee and ankle joints. Therefore, preventive training should therefore be introduced naturally from athletic training programs for athletes (sic).