A cosmovisão das histórias de origem na literatura indígena PemonTaurepang

Abstract

The general objective of this research is to analyze the worldview of origin stories as a key to understanding the conception of the world expressed in Pemon-Taurepang Indigenous literature. To this end, the study investigates the centrality of orality, the historical and territorial contextualization of this Indigenous people, their own forms of literary appreciation with particular attention to imagery and the cosmogonic and cosmological elements present in the analyzed works (Historias del pueblo pemon/Pemonton Pantonü, 2003; El espíritu de la yuca, y otros cuentos/Küse chiwon pantonü, tiyarünton da'rö, 2007; La historia de los Pemon de Kumarakapay, 2010; Makunaima en el valle de los Kanaimas, 2001). Situated within a context of questioning colonialist paradigms, the study adopts worldview as an integrative interpretative approach, in dialogue with contemporary Indigenous reflections (Krenak, 2020/2022; Kopenawa, 2015; Kambeba, 2022; Munduruku, 2016), literary criticism (Culler, 1999; Graúna, 2013), and Indigenous contributions to decolonial studies (Gonzaga, 2021). The analysis revealed that the Pemon-Taurepang worldview manifests itself in an articulated manner on three interdependent levels. At the macro level, structuring elements stand out, such as the Tamü'kan constellation through the story of Chiriköwai, the Sun Wei in its descent to Earth, the great tree Wadaka, and the concept of Pia as an active original time. At the meso level, it became evident how the ritual practice of Taren connects past and present by articulating word, physical elements, and ancestral knowledge. At the micro level, the persistence of these foundations was observed in everyday Pemon-Taurepang life, guiding ethical and educational practices. The results showed that the selected Pemon-Taurepang Indigenous literature serves as an important source of knowledge about ancestral worldviews, especially through origin stories transmitted by the collective memory of this Indigenous people. Moreover, this epistemological approach helps preserve Indigenous cultural identity and also contributes to ongoing literary and decolonial studies. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]