Avaliação do consumo de frutas em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

Introduction: Fruit consumption among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be considered harmful, based on the belief that fructose damages glycemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate fruit consumption in patients with T2DM and to identify its association with glycemic control parameters. Methods: 197 outpatients with T2DM were included, who underwent clinical, sociodemographic, anthropometric, laboratory and food consumption assessment. Total food intake and fruit consumption were assessed using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Patients with lower and higher fruit consumption (according to the median) were compared. Results: The average fruit consumption was 593.66 ± 330.74 g / day. Among the lower and higher fruit consumers, the values of blood glucose (169.42 ± 70.83 vs. 158.62 ± 64.56 mg/dL; p=0.273) and glycated hemoglobin (8.39 ± 1.68 vs. 8.68 ± 2.38%; p=0.319) were not different, as well as the other variables. Patients with higher fruit consumption had higher energy (p<0.001), carbohydrates (p<0.001) and fiber intake (p=0.006) and a lower protein (p=0.015), total lipids (p=0.040) and their types intake. The group of higher consumption had a higher intake of vitamin C (p<0.001) and potassium (p<0.001) and a lower sodium intake (p=0.001). There was also a negative correlation between fruit consumption and the glycemic index of the diet (p=0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in fasting blood glucose and in the value of glycated hemoglobin between T2DM patients with higher and lower fruit consumption. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]