Barreiras comerciais nas exportações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos do setor metalmecânico da Serra Gaúcha

Abstract

International trade is extremely important for the economy of a country and for the world economy as a whole. With the practice of international trade, it is possible for a country to export what it produces in surplus internally and buy from other countries the materials and products which it has deficiency of internal production. However, in the international negotiations involved in the buying and selling of products, there are several legislative and bureaucratic practices; no country has totally free trade. These practices may present themselves in different ways, and are known as trade barriers, which may be of the tariff, non-tariff, technical, or in trade defense mode. Tariff barriers are those that are applied as tariffs, for example taxes; non-tariff barriers are those imposed by a country as regulations, policies or practices. The technical barriers are regulations on technical, sanitary, phytosanitary, and surveillance levels, and as for trade defense, they are practices that should not be applied because they can harm trade between countries, such as subsidies, dumping, and safeguards. This research chose to analyze the influence of these barriers in Brazil's trade with one of the world's greatest powers, the United States of America. The relationship between these two countries is of great importance, and the United States is currently the largest importer of Brazilian manufactured goods. Among these manufactured products, the metal-mechanic sector is strongly present in the region chosen as the subject of this academic work, Serra Gaúcha, more specifically cutlery products, tools, and metal products for domestic and personal use. Thus, the present academic work proposes to survey the possible trade barriers in exports from Brazil and the United States, in the metal-mechanic sector in Serra Gaúcha, in order to find out how these barriers can positively or negatively influence the business between both countries. For this, besides the theoretical foundation raised to introduce the subject, quantitative research was carried out, of descriptive level, using survey strategies, bibliographical research and document research, with the objective of bringing to the study statistical processes, quantification, characteristics and relations between variables. With the result of this research,it is desired to bring information that will serve as support and basis for current or future entrepreneurs of the branch who are or wish to be inserted in the business with the United States of America. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]