Relações de hospitalidade : "A morte em Veneza", de Thomas Mann

Abstract

This work focuses on investigating representations of hospitality in the literary work "Death in Venice" by Thomas Mann, with an emphasis on the experiences of the protagonist, Gustav von Aschenbach. The specific objectives involve contextualizing the work within its historical, social, and literary production context, exploring theories related to hospitality and welcoming, and investigating the relationship between tourists and cities based on the concept of the Welcoming Collective Body (WCB), where cities can be understood, in their hospitality relationship, as a Welcoming Collective Body, presupposing the existence of three vertices - the set of services, the governing organism, and the cultural capital (PERAZZOLO, SANTOS; PEREIRA, 2014). Considering the literary work in its mimetic nature, a fundamental concept in literature (CARVALHO, 2019), it can be understood as a documentary source (FERREIRA, 2009), and within this perspective of analysis, the aim is to identify signs of representations of hospitality in the work "Death in Venice." The research is qualitative in nature and relies on content analysis by Bardin (2011) and Bakhtinian discourse analysis. As a theoretical premise, hospitality is understood as a foundational element of tourism, essential to its understanding (PERAZZOLO, SANTOS, PEREIRA, 2012). The analysis of hospitality relations identified in the narrative, contextualized by the theoretical construct of the Welcoming Collective Body, allows identifying different receptions in the relationship between Gustav von Aschenbach and Venice. On some occasions, he is well-received in the places he visits, notably in commercial relationships. However, at other times, tensions arise as the city conceals from its visitors the fact that it is experiencing a cholera epidemic. This ambivalent relationship permeates the entire narrative, shaping the experiences of the character. The analysis of these relationships reveals moments when the protagonist is welcomed and treated hospitably by the inhabitants of Venice, as well as situations in which he encounters a lack of hospitality. This duality between hospitality and lack of welcoming contributes to the complexity of Gustav von Aschenbach's experiences in the city, highlighting the importance of these elements in the narrative and in understanding interactions between tourists and the visited location. By exploring this duality between hospitality and lack of welcoming in the work, we are led to reflect on the complexity of interactions between Gustav von Aschenbach and the city of Venice. While moments of hospitality indicate the local community's ability to offer a favorable environment to the tourist, situations of non-hospitality reveal the limitations and challenges that can arise in this relationship. The presence of these different facets of hospitality in Thomas Mann's narrative emphasizes the importance of a broad and contextualized approach to understand tourists' experiences and the impact of interactions with the local community. Through the analysis of this literary work, we are invited to explore not only the representation of hospitality but also the nature of human relationships in a tourist environment, enriching our understanding of the complexities of the encounter between the visitor and the visited location. Therefore, the analysis of hospitality in "Death in Venice" reveals the influence of these dynamics on tourists' experiences and on the relationships between visitors and the local community. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]