Fatores associados ao controle glicêmico em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is currently considered an epidemic, where diabetic individuals do not have glycemic control, most of them because they are unaware of the diagnosis. Objective: To compare glycemic control among DM2 patients according to food consumption factors (questionnaire). Materials and methods: glycated hemoglobin and fasting glycemia were evaluated; Body mass index and waist circumference; Food consumption through the Elsa Food Frequency Questionnaire; and the TFEQ-R21 questionnaire. A descriptive cross-sectional pilot study was carried out with non-probabilistic sampling, with patients from the Nutrition Clinic for Metabolic Endocrine Diseases at the Clinical Center of the University of Caxias do Sul. In the statistical analysis, the statistical software SPSS version 20 was used, considering results with a p-value <0.05 were statistically significant. Results: The sample consisted of 33 adults with type two diabetes mellitus, with a prevalence of females (66.7%), aged 60 years or over (69.7%) and overweight (93.9% ). Regarding food consumption, the macronutrient that stayed above its recommended level was protein. The daily calorie consumption was within the recommended. The questionnaire that shows changes in food consumption (TFEQ-R21) pointed out the prevalence of uncontrolled eating (48.5%) in the interviewees. The study found no statistical significance, but variables suggestive of these factors: age, physical activity, body mass index, and waist circumference. Conclusion: The suggestive factors that reflect glycemic control are linked to lifestyle and are controllable or not in terms of specific guidance. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]