Interfaces do contrato comercial : uma análise sistemática sobre os estudos de hospitalidade comercial na hotelaria

Abstract

The present dissertation addresses commercial hospitality and contractual agreements. From a historical-evolutionary perspective, it outlines the development of hospitality, tracing its origins from the caravanserais of Ancient Egypt and the concept of xenia in Ancient Greece, to its contemporary structuring following the Industrial Revolution. This approach facilitated the identification and categorization of selected articles into four thematic pillars - Lodging Facilities, Food and Beverage (F&B), Leisure, and Hotel Services - directing the focus toward the central objective of the study: understanding how contracts are represented and interpreted in academic studies on commercial hospitality within the hotel industry. To achieve this goal, 41 articles from 25 academic journals linked to the platform of the Brazilian National Association for Research and Postgraduate Studies in Tourism (ANPTUR) were analyzed. For corpus selection, articles were considered based on their explicit or implicit relation to commercial hospitality and contracts, as evidenced by titles, keywords, and abstracts. An interpretative analysis of the articles was conducted using Bakhtinian enunciative perspectives (Bakhtin, 2023) and interpretive frameworks (Gadamer, 1961). Content analysis (Bardin, 2016) was also employed in compiling certain results. Systematic analysis revealed conceptions highlighting the complexity and fluidity of commercial contracts within hospitality, emphasizing often implicit elements such as expectations and responsibilities, shaped by social and cultural factors that transcend mere economic relations. Investigative findings indicated that most contracts were of a hybrid nature, characterized by commercial, social, and moral traits. Contracts in commercial hospitality revealed multiple dimensions, playing a critical role in establishing more transparent, ethical, and satisfactory relationships between guests and hosts. Regarding concepts and approaches to commercial hospitality, the relational perspective stood out, as hospitality frequently appeared linked to notions of welcoming. The characteristics of contracts and hospitality approaches identified and analyzed in the selected articles facilitate a reflection on the term "commercial," as it relates to hospitality, suggesting that it may more significantly indicate the setting in which exchanges occur rather than the nature of the relationships themselves. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]