A base legislativa ambiental e introdução da logística reversa como um instrumento para minorar o impacto dos resíduos sólidos eletrônicos

Abstract

The present work deals about the environmental legislative base and the introduction of the reverse logistics as an instrument to alleviate the impact of electronics solid wastes. Part of the study of the changes comes from Modernity that led the company to a more consumerist world, making new needs arise, which over time boosted the industrial production process. It also notes that the advent of computing speeds up the process of modernity that is increased by globalization and that impacts on deep and significant changes in economic, political, social, cultural and technological spheres, leading to increasing of production capacity reflecting on the increased production and consumption of goods through the techniques of planned obsolescence and perceptive obsolescence. It follows that the disposability of products which have a short life, quickly become obsolete, creating the imbalance that comes from notorious increasing volume of solid waste, especially electronics solid waste that concern due its great potential polluter in its composition. To prevent its elements harm the environment more aggressively there is a need for a separate and effective collection, that is, the selection of the materials will lead to other procedures (reuse, recovery and energy recovery, or even to its destination for composting). Still, there is the need for system specific of Waste Management to companies aiming at the reduction of operating costs, with the adoption of correct methods of treatment in order to eliminate waste and maximize the allocation of natural resources. As for the legislative basis of international environmental protection, Brazil signed the Basel Convention, it is prohibited in the country, the transfer of waste beyond its territorial limit, and also the receipt of these materials from other countries. Thus, the Brazilian legislation, beyond all principles and provisions prescribed by the Constitution, is specific provision for waste Law 12.305/2010, entitled National Policy on Solid Waste, which brings legal definitions, such as the concepts of integrated management solid waste, and the concept of solid waste. This standard also establishes a system of reverse logistics as conjugate acts that aimed a more effective collection of solid waste and restitution of solid waste to the business sector. On the other hand, there is a lack of recognition on the National Policy on Solid Waste description of the modus operandi of reverse logistics in Law 12.305/2010, leaving to companies criterion of recyclers method to be done, respecting the rights of intellectual and industrial property on their procedures. When the methodology was used as a method of approach of the theme, the dialectical, due to work entering into the world of phenomena through their mutual action.