Jogos em uma sequência didática para o ensino de análise combinatória

Abstract

In this paper, a teaching proposal is developed to improve the combinatorial reasoning through the use of games in the planning, application and assessment of a didactic sequence, inspired by Zabala guidelines, to subsidize the teaching practice in Combinatorial Analysis teaching. The dissertation reports a research that aims to explore combinatorial concepts through diversified activities, involving digital resources, games and guided studies, in order to strengthen and diversify the teaching- learning process of this content, trying to make classes more attractive and dynamic. Some of the games used to create the didactic sequence are not original and some of them have already been applied by other researchers or teachers, but in this paper they have been reorganized, adapted and tailored to make them suitable and enhance their use in the practice context. The several activities, promoted for the accomplishment of the games or those of a later stage, were planned aiming to explore the combinatorial reasoning. The research is based on Piaget 's constructivist view of ” the doing and the understanding “ and resulted in a didactic sequence called Combinatorial Dynamics, which integrates the energized activities in a teaching sequence involving actions directed towards the understanding of the combinatorial concepts. Together with this process of comprehension, a space was built for students to explore, with the teacher's guidance, all the symbology that contemplates the content of Combinatorial Analysis, getting them to know the formulas which integrate the counting techniques. Finally, an evaluation of learning is made, using the Combination Track Game, created specially for the application of the constructed knowledge through games, verifying if the learning process was achieved. The research results are from a qualitative analysis that evaluated forms, journals, photographic records, among others and revealed students' learning and involvement beyond the researcher's expectations. It is concluded that Combinatorial Dynamics has become a potential didactic resource for the learning process and for the development of combinatorial reasoning, providing a dynamic and attractive Combinatorial Analysis Teaching and Learning process.