Aspectos históricos do uso dos uniformes escolares : reflexões no campo da educação e da moda (1940-2000 Caxias do Sul)

Abstract

This paper seeks to establish a dialogue on the historical aspects involved in the uses of school uniforms, taking a look from the field of History of Education to Fashion. Based on the methodological assumptions of the signs of semiotics, it analyzes pictures and school uniform designs of a religious school in a town in Rio Grande do Sul, making a case study. It relates the social changes reflected in fashion with the consequences observed in the design of school uniforms, drawing special attention on how much some institutions have inspired and / or determined the form and structure of the clothing worn at school, as in the case of the Army and Church. It also combines aspects associated with the pedagogical trends of the selected time frame with the movement nurtured or restricted of the body and of the processes of socialization, taking into account the available materials and the way in which they were gradually adapted to the school uniforms. It seeks interpretative subsidies in the history of the school uniform, its homogenizing ideologies and control, linked to the counterculture and purposes marked by its users in every historical time. It describes the evolution of materials from the field of fashion, linking the shape, body, school cultures and youth cultures. Over the past six decades, it presents and analyzes some representations built around the use of school uniforms, taking as its object of analysis the narratives produced by 21 respondents of both sexes, attending school in the years 1940 to 2000. In theoretical, seeks dialogue with perpetrators of Education, Philosophy, Sociology and Fashion, seeking arguments for analysis in the theoretical and methodological contributions which they referred. It is, therefore, a scientific contribution to this look of the present surrounded by school cultures and considering an analytical perspective through the long-term lens of History, combining fashion and education.