Atividade biológica de resíduos de vinificação de vitis labrusca

Abstract

Every year, the worldwide wine production generates about 20 million tons of waste, which usually end up being discarded in the environment. Previous data showed that it is possible to obtain flavan-3-ol compounds from different winery wastes with significant antioxidant activity. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, genotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic activities of aqueous winery seeds extract from Vitis labrusca, cv. Bordo. The results showed that the extract minimizes the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus and liver of rats. Also, the extract did not alter locomotor behavior, and it was non-genotoxic (comet assay) or nonmutagenic in lymphocytes from rats, and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, respectively. The treatment with the extract was able to prevent depletion of mitochondrial eletron transfer chain complex I proteins in neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) treated with H2O2. At doses of 0.1 and 1mg/mL, the extract was found to be cytotoxic to liver (HepG2) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. This effect was accompanied with an increase in nitric oxide production, increase in the expression of p53, and increase in DNA damage index. A significant decrease in the expression levels of total PARP was observed in HepG2 cell line. In MCF-7 cells, V. labrusca extract treatment increased the expression levels of Bax and AIF proteins, and decreased the expression levels of total PARP. The expression levels of Her-2 protein were found to be decreased in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells after V. labrusca extract treatment. These results show significant biological effects of V. labrusca winery wastes extract, cv. Bordo.