Educação estatística no ensino básico : interpretando dados reais

Abstract

The present study sought to analyze the development of a proposal for teaching Statistics for the 9th year of Elementary School, applied with a focus on literacy, reasoning and statistical thinking. The objective was to verify the contribution of Statistics to the learning of Mathematics and to the critical formation of students. For this, and based on Zabala's guidelines, a teaching sequence was planned, executed and evaluated, used as a subsidy for a teaching practice that promoted, among other activities, research by students on subjects of personal interest. The methodology is a case study, which is a qualitative approach in which there is a concern to explore and describe the environment and the subjects involved in the research. The study reported in this dissertation is, therefore, of an applied nature, having been developed in the classroom from a planning aimed at teaching and learning with reference to the daily lives of students in a Basic Education school. The collected data were categorized and interpreted according to the content analysis technique, and examined in the light of the theoretical foundations that support this research: Freire's dialogic teaching and Vygotsky's socio-constructivism, as well as contributions from authors that approach the teaching statistics. The students' performance during the classes, the interest shown by them, and the participation and commitment with which they carried out the activities show that the proposal is suitable for the teaching of Statistics in Elementary School. It was verified, in fact, that the learning environments, built during the classes, contributed to a better understanding of the mathematical concepts involved. It was also concluded that Statistics, allied to a teaching proposal that has the perspective of developing an education for citizenship, can contribute to the critical and social formation of students, in addition to enabling the realization of interdisciplinary work aimed at exploring topics of social relevance. From this work, the educational material developed and applied in the study results as an educational product, which was improved with the results of the research, and which can be used for other teachers in carrying out similar activities for the teaching and learning of Statistics. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]