Compra compulsiva: a influência dos fatores psicológicos e a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental no tratamento

Abstract

This study seeks to understand compulsive shopping behavior, characterizing some of its main psychological aspects, identifying the most widely used theoretical approaches to explain and treat it, and compiling studies that discuss the relationship between contemporary consumerism and compulsive behaviors. The research was conducted through a qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Laville & Dione (1999). The Scielo, PubMed, Capes, and Google Scholar databases were used to select the materials, using descriptors: Compulsive shopping, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Consumerism, Psychotherapy, consumerism and Emotions, considering publications between 2015 and 2025. The data were organized through reading records and analyzed using content analysis, which enabled the progressive construction of the research. The results show that compulsive shopping behavior, also known as oniomania, is strongly related to psychological factors such as anxiety, frustration, and low self-esteem, in addition to being directly influenced by social and cultural factors characteristic of contemporary consumer society. It is pointed out that compulsion often occurs as a mechanism for emotional regulation and identity construction. Within psychological approaches, three main approaches are highlighted: psychoanalysis, social psychology, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The study contributes by bringing together theoretical reflections and empirical evidence, reinforcing the need for integrated and contextualized interventions, with an emphasis on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), to address symptoms. It is evident that expanding the critical debate on this topic is of great importance. Although increasingly present and frequent, it still lacks formal recognition in diagnostic manuals and greater systematization in clinical practice. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]