Funções polinomiais do segundo grau: situações potencialmente significativas de aprendizagem com o uso de software

Abstract

The research that led to this dissertation evaluated the contributions of a teaching sequence that uses graphing software to promote meaningful learning of quadratic polynomial functions in the first year of high school. This objective is closely related to the recommendations of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) (Brazil, 2018), which states that, in high school, in the area of Mathematics and its Technologies, students should consolidate the knowledge developed in elementary school and add new knowledge, expanding the range of resources to solve more complex problems that require greater reflection and abstraction. The research was based on David Ausubel's (1918-2008) Meaningful Learning Theory (SLT), whose theory presents as its most important concept, according to Moreira and Masini (2006), the process by which new information relates to a relevant aspect of the individual's knowledge structure. Thus, a Potentially Significant Teaching Unit (PLTU) was developed, in which students were active participants in the construction of their own knowledge. Data were collected through written materials, images, problem-solving exercises in study situations proposed in class or as extracurricular assignments, evaluation of assessment instruments, artistic production, self-assessment, and evaluation of the applied teaching sequence. The data were analyzed through discursive textual analysis, according to Moraes (2003). It was possible to confirm that, with the planned PLU, students showed signs of potentially significant learning, as observed in the various records produced during its implementation. Considering the research results, an educational product was developed consisting of pedagogical support material, with the different activities carried out and refined, also structured in the form of a PLU, which can contribute to the improvement of the teaching and learning processes of quadratic polynomial functions. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]