Estratégias de aprendizagem para o ensino de equação de primeiro grau com aluno surdo

Abstract

This research aimed to develop a teaching proposal for the learning of first-degree equations by a deaf student through the use of manipulative materials and games in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of a didactic sequence. It was adapted to the reality of a deaf student in Elementary School, specifically in the 7th grade of the Municipal School of Special Elementary Education "Caminhos do Aprender" in the municipality of Bento Gonçalves/RS. The dissertation presents exploratory research on first-degree equations through manipulative materials, games, and targeted activities, intending to provide the student with access to and understanding of this content, while seeking to explore their abstract logical reasoning. The games used in the didactic sequence are original, created by the author herself; some being adapted from other works, to enhance its use in the research context. All activities and games were planned with the aim of developing abstract logical reasoning and understanding of first-degree equations. Based on Vygotsky and Montessori, the research discusses language acquisition through the subject's interaction with the environment and the manipulation of objects for the construction and generalization of concepts. The result of this research is a didactic sequence called "A TEACHING PROPOSAL FOR FIRST-DEGREE EQUATIONS FOR DEAF STUDENTS." This didactic sequence includes targeted activities for reviewing content, the use of manipulative materials, and games for understanding first-degree equations. The data analysis from the research was qualitative, evaluating the research diary, notes, photographic records, vídeos, the development of activities with printed and manipulable materials, games and the academic protagonist of the research, who demonstrated learning and involvement beyond the researcher's expectations. It can be concluded that the educational product generated from this research has become a didactic resource with great potential for learning and developing abstract logical reasoning, providing a more accessible, understandable, and engaging teaching and learning process for first-degree equations. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]