Pressupostos da prática educativa na Diocese de Caxias do Sul : 1934 a 1952

Abstract

The study tries to analyze the assumptions that fundament the Project for Catholic Restoration of the Diocese of Caxias do Sul, in the period from 1934 to 1952. The data about guidelines and Christian and philosophical principles followed by pioneer confessional schools in the city of Caxias do Sul were collected at the archives of the following institutions: Colégio São José, Escola Nossa Senhora do Carmo and Seminário Nossa Senhora Aparecida. Data were also collected from the archives of Círculo Operário Caxiense, an institution that, through informal education, tried to provide some courses to workers. The basis for these assumptions, which are explicit in this research for the Master´s in Education at the University of Caxias do Sul, in the research line for Education History and Philosophy, go farther back to the Council of Trent, which unified the doctrine, discipline and practice of the Catholic Church. The end of the regime of Ecclesiastical Patronage in Brazil, along with the arrival of immigrant and religious congregations to the country in the end of the XIX century, allowed this Project to consolidate in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The mechanisms adopted by these institutions favored the collaborative coexistence with the lay State and helped spread the importance of harmonious relations between capital and work to reach development and fight communism. The conclusions reached by this study show that the construction of the educational proposal developed by the religious institutions, based on teaching quality, school environment and discipline, supplementary educational activities, and participation in social and religious activities contributed, on the one hand, for the political, social and cultural development of the city of Caxias do Sul and other cities and towns in the surrounding region known as Serra Gaúcha; and, on the other hand, contributed for the development of a communitarian, humane and fraternal spirit, which are peculiarities of Catholicism, and noticed in the populations in these regions.